Not going over ones others have already mentioned:
TitanFall 2 is an incredible shooter, with really good single player campaign... came out in 2016, and since, though its official servers went down, people figured out how to run private servers and mod the client to work with them, look up Northstar.
Even works on linux, there's a whole entire custom Proton branch just for TitanFall2/NorthStar.
FTL came out in 2012, but the Advanced Edition came out in 2014, maybe that counts?
Stardew Valley came out in 2016.
No Man's Sky came out in 2016.
Alien Isolation came out in 2014.
Undertale, 2015.
Metal Gear Solid V, 2015.
... 2015 +/- 1 was a pretty good era for a lot of pretty great games, imo.
Elite: Dangeous - best space-sim out there, no other comes close. Also one of the few live-service games with a great community around it.
Anno 2205 - Seem by many as the black sheep in the anno series, it's still a great game with a fantastic future vibe.
Craft the world ( hey, it's also on gog ) - dwarf fortress like game
Civilization: Beyond Earth - Firaxis' attempt at a contemporary Alpha Centauri, based on the Civ 5 engine. Great game in itself, with some great ideas. Also gets a lot of hate for some reason.
Planetbase ( also on gog ) - Great space-colony builder
Hah, going along with Anno 2205, I think that Civilization: Beyond Earth, is actually a competent, not perfect, but generally good spin on the Civ series.
Edit: As far as recommendations, I haven't actually played, or even heard of most of the games, but Double Dragon Trilogy for $1.19 feels like a no-brainer if you like retro or arcade beat-em-ups. I don't think I've played them since the early 90s, so it might be nice to revisit them.
Double Dragon 1 and 2 have terrible slow down issues. This isn’t a bad port, this is from the original games. It can get nearly unplayable at certain points.
Double Dragon 3 is just not very good. The Mega Drive port runs a little bit better than the arcade though.
Depends on what you're looking for. Shantae and the Pirate's Curse is a great metroidvania platformer, Shadowrun Hongkong if you want to experience a cyberpunk+fantasy RPG, Rebel Galaxy for a space game with some trading and naval-style combat (ships don't move in up/down directions), Van Helsing for a diablo-like experience
I'm also seeing Hyperdimension Neptunia on the sale, though I have no clue if it's any good. I always get baffled by the amount of games in that series
KSP is still the best 'build an entire space program' sim, now that KSP2 has erm, failed to launch, or maybe suffered a RUD... and KSP 1 now has a decade of quite frankly astonishing expansive mods.
Try KSP Realism Overhaul and Principa if you want to up the difficulty a bit, lol.