First year CS student currently on vacations looking for programming course to follow.
Hi, I'm a first year CS student and this 3 month period of vacations I want to follow a good free course on programming. If it's possible, I also want to learn how is the process in which a code written in a text editor can become an executable with it's GUI in the operating system (currently using Linux), because I really have no idea how that works.
Browsing the web for it have become overwhelming and I'm finding trouble in deciding what to follow, and I also need some order in order to learn things.
I would really appreciate if you can tell me if you know any course that meets this requirements.
In this course gives you a complete understanding of how computers and programming qorks from first principle.
You'll start by (virtually) making chips with just a nand chip, than you'll make a cpu, ram and rom, evetually on to a full fletched computer. Than you'll write your own assembly language, parser and compiler for that computer. You'll write your own OS and your own higher level language (OOP) and eventually you'll write a geme (tetris) in that language.
This is of course all very simplified, but very educational.
I recommend taking a look at https://roadmap.sh/. It's not a course, it's a website with several "roadmaps" for learning languages or specific fields. There's plenty of docs and it's easy to follow!
I think there are good free online courses, like Harvard's CS 50 course. I've also heard of OpenCourseWare. I haven't used either of them personally, though.
Do you know what classes you are going to be taking? If so, fnd the syllabus and take note of the topics and the text, if one is mentioned. See if you can find any mention of material your school may have used previously and get yourself a copy. Find the topics in the book and work through the exercises as you please.
I'm not sure that can be completed in 3 months by most people on their own. But I think it's a great option anyway. Probably best to use Emacs (Edwin) in doing so.
Depends on which programming language you want to learn.
https://www.w3schools.com/ is a good resource for the basics in some of the most used programming languages and a good reference for looking up how things work.
Most learning of programming is IMHO learning by doing. And by breaking things.
Think of a program you want to make (or one you want to replicate, just for learning purposes) and set this as your goal. It doesn't need to be perfect, optimized or even fully functional. Just grab a hot beverage of your choice, sit down and try.
There are plenty of (sometimes even free) books with examples how to use the programming language of your choice. If you want to go that way, again, grab a hot beverage of your choice and start reading.
w3schools is much improved over what it was originally, but it never became a top quality resource (even if you limited your search to "popular" and free). Also it's very web centric and OP is looking for something that's more fundamental.
Read through the HTML5 spec if you want to do anything frontend related. Yes, it can be boring at times, but using a TTS extension for your browser helps a lot.
It'll teach you which HTML5 tags exist, which attributes exist for each tag, which tag goes within which tag, etc. Very helpful if you want to actually learn an up-to-date HTML5.
It will provide a very good fundamental knowledge before you start learning whatever popular JS framework exists in a few years.