Why does the aurora borealis appear to be white in the sky but in pictures it has nice coloration?

My quick guess is that it is so dim, that our eyes are seeing it mostly with the rods (instead of the cones), which only see black and white. „In the night all cats are gray“

Wait... Did you really just use the Benjamin Franklin grandma pussy quote for this?
- Oh. I didn’t know this was a thing. In my mother tongue (German) it is like a normal expression.
- Excuse me the what now
I think a better example probably would just be the night sky (at least in places with non-optimal conditions). Where I'm at there is very little color even when it's clear enough to see galactic features (interstellar cloud/nebulae, clusters of dimmer stars etc).

It depends on how bright it is where you are.

When it's very very dim your color sensing part of your eyes, which are less sensitive to light, don't work. Only the black and white parts of your vision work.

Kind of.

In my experience the aurora borealis is always green. I live in the north of Sweden.

It depends on which part of the atmosphere reacts. Pink/purple/red is also possible.
- Never in my life have I seen that where I live, but I have seen that in footage from other parts of the world, yes.
It was green when I was in the north of Norway.

This was taken with my phone.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VtIJG40WKT4

The red parts are rarer and harder to see. Especially with the naked eye.
- The red parts are rarer and harder to see. Especially with the naked eye.
  
  The red parts were very visible last night, and I found their colour much easier to see with the naked eye than the green parts ever are.
- Here is an alternative Piped link(s):
  
  https://www.piped.video/watch?v=VtIJG40WKT4
  
  Piped is a privacy-respecting open-source alternative frontend to YouTube.
  
  I'm open-source; check me out at GitHub.

Because it's travelling backwards in time. That's why it appears in black and white. You're only seeing the past version of it.

Lol I like it

It's the green parts that look white / grey. I believe it's more of an illusions - if you have something to contrast it with, such as the moon, you can start to see a slight green tint. The pink I saw last night was very noticeable though.

Rods are more sensitive to light than cones. This is why in low light, colors appear muted. In this context, photographers can adjust the length of exposure to get an image that is more colorful than what our eyes can perceive. Really depends on how bright the aurorae are which can be affected by various factors such as light pollution, solar wind speed, and latitude.

I live too far south to see it but my understanding is that at different layers of the atmosphere, the stellar material interacts with different elements. So, it gets green or pink or whatever depending on how deep it goes.

Wait, that's what that white thing was? I thought that was a cloud.