Depends on the country, I guess. There are hardly any supermarkets here in Germany that don't require you to put in money. Mostly small independent ones with small carts. But every chain uses the deposit.
I know a famila which doesn't use deposit carts, and they happen to share a parking lot and cart pool with an Aldi which also don't use deposit, a famila employee does the corralling -- mostly re-distributing carts between isles as people do, in fact, return carts just unevenly so.
I don't really think it's about the deposit, culture-wise, Germans are as likely to understand a deposit as "that's mine now", see Christmas market mugs. It's signalling "please really do return carts it's important we don't want to hire someone to do it and bill you for it that would make our milk 1ct more expensive than the neighbouring store".
In my country literally every company that has shopping carts outside does this, but I always thought it's more against homeless people taking them on a whim.
Aldi used to do that in the US. Maybe they still do. I never carry coins on me, so for this reason (and the always extremely long lines at checkout) I never shopped there.