An international group of researchers have discovered a new phase of matter called Non-Abelian Topological Order, which may open a new route to dramatically more effective quantum computers.
They used a powerful machine called a quantum processor to make, for the first time, a brand-new phase of matter called non-Abelian topological order. Previously recognized in theory only, the team demonstrated synthesis and control of exotic particles called non-Abelian anyons, which are neither bosons or fermions, but something in between. Anyons are quasiparticles in a two-dimensional space.
What's exciting is that they can be used to make a quantum computer that is much more stable than current efforts with superconducting qubits.
How do scientists decide what constitutes a phase of matter? Liquid, solid, gas, plasma is kinda obvious, but there are so many new phases of matter that it makes me wonder how they decide something constitutes a "phase".
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