Balcony solar panels can save 30% on a typical household’s electricity bill and, with vertical surface area in cities larger than roof space, the appeal is clear
Not allowed in Australia without legislation anyway,.owners groups would shit their pants.
And they plug them into thier mains electrical systems how ? I can see them charging a battery and you get an inverter to run something from the battery but that's not the same thing.
They have an inverter that increases the voltage to 230V and then you can plug it into a regular outlet. The cables don't care in which direction the electricity flows. It only becomes an issue at the power meter, but newer ones prevent backflow and usually these small PV systems don't produce enough to not be consumed by always on stuff like refrigerators anyways.
Backflow isn't an issue because the inverters don't produce high voltage if they don't see a frequency to sync to. Which is also how they get away with having exposed prongs. Which, consequently, means that those installations don't make you independent from the grid. They also only feed into one phase, or better said I haven't seen any three-phase ones.
You also need to register them with your utiltity, but it's not a matter of asking for permission, just notifying them. The idea is that they should be able to deal with 800W backflow on a single phase easily given that you can easily pull 3600W on a single phase from a single outlet, district-level transformers aren't unaccustomed to skewed loads.
There's also no requirement for a modern meter, a good ole Ferraris one suffices -- during backflow it's going to turn backwards. Utilities don't like having that little data to go on but again, it's just 800W.
...and with that any and all preconditions but "outlet near or ideally on the balcony" are gone, and suddenly it makes a lot of sense to a lot of people because no electrician has to get involved, which could easily get more expensive than the hardware itself.
I haven't numbers or data, so just from personal point of view: Lax building code as in you can build the weirdest looking building in the middle of a forest, yes. The 60s to 90s were like that.
But the building always had to be up to code: if you wanted electricity, it had to be up to code. If you wanted water, you also needed correct sewage. Transactional, in a way.
The first, buildings whereever, has also changed, gradually, since the 00s. "Betonstop" is the name used, translates to "concrete stop".
Why is a utility interconnect for rooftop solar a big process, but balcony solar is just plug in? Simply a matter of scale / reduced risk of electrocuting line workers? No net meeting for balconies?
If humans can build huge swaths of development and buildings and constructions in every major city all over the planet ... then I think we can make an effort to at least cover a good percentage of it with solar panels. The majority of us build shelters to avoid the sun anyway ... we like the sun but only for short periods during the day. So why not build shelters, homes, buildings, coverings, everything out of solar panels. Instead of deflecting all that energy, collect it and make it useful.
Given the higher cooling demands during summer in more and more places, awnings are a good idea. These are specifically designed to capture the sunlight, hence it would perhaps follow that making these solar panels would be a good idea - solar awnings.
I think it's a matter of scale. Electrocution of line workers, the home owner or renter should be prevented by an automatic disconnect switch (in/before the inverter of the balcony solar system). Without that switch you could have power on the pins of the plug, and that would be very dangerous.