Do the ultra-orthodox support what is happening in Palestine? Are they pacifists who want the killing to stop?
I'm all for letting people refuse to fight if they are sincerely anti-war. But if they are out there cheering the genocide that's happening, then make them put their necks on the line.
The ultra-orthodox have wanted this for a long time and it's one of the reasons Israel's government was trying to curtail the power of the judiciary. You may remember there were protests in Israel over last summer over this.
This isn't about Pacifism, but more about autonomy and seclusion. I don't think they mind exposing their youth to bombs and bullets as much as exposure to cosmopolitan ideals they get from mixing with Israel's more secular youth. It's similar to the impetus for religious parents to do home-schooling in the US.
That's not entirely correct. The Ultra-Orthodox spectrum is composed of different factions/sects that hold widely varying beliefs and interpretations of Judaism.
While a majority of Ultra-Orthodox are represented in the current government, there are also some Ultra-Orthodox factions that reject the Israeli state completely. Some won't fight due to their religious studies, some due to their pacifism, some due to their pro-Palestinian sentiment, and other will fight because of their convictions or their desire to settle in the west bank.
The infighting between these groups and their sometimes messianic beliefs and discussions are sometimes very intransparent from the outside. Sometimes internal feuds even erupt in street riots between groups or police.