Road builder here. Nope, unless you are being very creative with the term 'sinkhole'.
First clue - a sinkhole propagates from UNDER the road, whereas the photos simply show crap asphalt which has been essentially 'plucked' out. This suggests either a crappy binder, or it was placed in the rain, or a number of other quality issues.
I mean, if these are caused by sinkholes, then that should have been addressed during construction. Roads can be very thick and are made of lots of different layers, each of which should be compacted very regularly and thoroughly during construction. If sink holes are common in the area, then they should have designed countermeasures to minimize their impact. My understanding of sinkholes, is that they typically form due to water phase erosion, which again, should have been known and at least partially accounted for. But, hey, I’m not a civil engineer, so I could wrong, but those definitely seem more likely to be potholes as opposed to sinkholes.
If they didn't use sub-standard materials, there wouldn't be big repair contracts, would there? Guess who will land them.
This is par for the course in India. They siphon off taxes this way, and on environmentally-inadvisable things no less. But that is how it is structured, weak-to-non-existent urban local bodies, and tax collection and disbursement centralized like it was in the times of the colonizer. That big pot of money is intensively fought over.
I'd guess grift. The pic shows gravel beneath the asphalt in those potholes. For any major road, you should be having more asphalt than that. Ontario major series highways have large amounts - 200-350mm is standard, 400 I've seen in areas with constraints. From the pic, I'd guess youre at 1-2 lifts, so maybe 100mm, at most? Given the speed of deterioration, likely only 1 60mm lift.