Interesting enough, the chains in this graphic that operate in Germany are German. Apart from some small outlets, the German market is controlled by German chains. It's just that these also became relatively successful internationally.
Norgesgruppen lista SPAR as one of their brands/concepts. Unfortunately, their Norwegian / English toggle doesn’t work, but this is the Norwegian version: https://www.norgesgruppen.no/om-oss/om-oss-hjem/