That's how the shape of benzene was first theorised.
Here Kekulé spoke of the creation of the theory. He said that he had discovered the ring shape of the benzene molecule after having a reverie or day-dream of a snake biting its own tail (a symbol in ancient cultures known as the ouroboros).
You can't though, unless said delusion was previously published. You can publish delusions, e.g., in an autobiography, a novel, or even a psychology thesis.