With these restrictions you're gonna get about zero recommendations that match. I'll still recommend Niagara or Minimalist Launcher. They just give you an alphabetized list. No more app junk drawer as your home.
that is very sad to hear, as organizing apps into folders is very essential for me. Do you have any recommendation for a smooth experience of organizing apps into folders? (without those restrictions)
Theres gotta be a launcher somewhere for you on F Droid. Thats just not my workflow so I ignore those features. Maybe something like Fast Draw? I see one on F Droid called Folder Launcher that claims to be inspired by file structures. Though its only pictures feature Kuromi and dont show off what it does. Shelf might also work for you. Take all this with a grain of salt as I use Niagara.
Folder Launcher doesn't have a home screen for showing icons, it only shows app name in a folder structure
Fast Draw have little customizibility in terms of organizing into app folder, it have limited categories represented by different category icon and does not support folder group under categories