Why do Americans want to know the month first and the day second?
I'm sorry but it doesn't make sense TO ME. Based on what I was taught, regardless of the month, I think what matters first is to know what day of the month you are in, if at the beginning, in the middle or at the end of said month. After you know that, you can find out the month to know where you are in the year.
What is the benefit of doing it the other way around?
It's inherited from a historic convention from the UK. Historically the rationale was that the month was more important than the year, so they put it first, although this has no useful consistency or order to it.
Unfortunately, kind of dumb decisions from the past tend to stick and keep existing for an unnecessary long time because people get used to them and then never change them. Popularity or habit can beat reason, objectivity etc...
Typewriter-optimized means it’s intentionally made to slow down your typing because the old typewriters couldn’t deal with too fast typing.
I wish that myth would die. If that was the case then E and R would be furthER away from each othER because being right next to each othER would make it likely for the two lettERs to bump into each othER.
Contrary to popular belief, the QWERTY layout was not designed to slow the typist down, but rather to speed up typing. Indeed, there is evidence that, aside from the issue of jamming, placing often-used keys farther apart increases typing speed, because it encourages alternation between the hands.
some studies on keyboard layout have suggested that, for a skilled typist, layout is largely irrelevant – even randomized and alphabetical keyboards allow for similar typing speeds to QWERTY and Dvorak keyboards – and that switching costs always outweigh the benefits of further training with a keyboard layout a person has already learned
Here's just one, and there are many. What you cited above doesn't contradict what I said either...my point is it wasn't created to intentionally slow typing down
that just says there's no evidence for the apocryphal theory of it slowing typing down, not what you said about speeding it up. plus "slows it down" is a corruption of the original apocryphal idea that it speeds up typewriting by preventing jams due to neighboring keys being pressed
That's an apocryphal explanation for QWERTY's design. I personally doubt it since "a" and "s" are placed right next to each other. Additionally, placing keys further apart doesn't mean they're slower to type. (In fact, anecdotally, it can be the opposite. In piano, incorrect fingering disproportionately affects playing keys that are right next to each other.)
That seems to suggest that the American style is a preservation of the older English format, much like we kept spelling of some words like the original English at colonization while the UK gradually changed with other influences around them.