aldi and lidl created a fierce competition.
I've seen walmart and spar straight up give up and leave. apparently they couldn't compete. later aldi expanded to the US
Spar is Dutch. I live close to the border and there used to be a Spar store but it is a Jumbo store now, also Dutch. And then of course there is Albert Hein. So it seems like Dutch people can handle the competition pretty well actually.