Top of ticket candidates obviously matter, but voting in primaries, down ballot and local elections can have significant impacts. I know it's trite, but the only answer is vote in every election you can. Voting for better candidates in smaller races can and will eventually work it's way up to the top of ticket races.
A recent example would be both the democratic primaries in 2016 and 2020. While yes the more progressive candidates lost, their strong showings did help push the national party further left. Bernie's message in 2016 has endured and grown in popularity nationally in the last decade.
When it comes to state and local elections, there are constant stories about right wing zealots (Mom's for Liberty and the like) using school board and local elections to expand their power and influence.
I know it's unpleasant, but you need to vote. If your state allows mail in voting, sign up for it. You can get your ballot, research the candidates and make more informed choices. Personally I'll spend about an hour with the ballot researching the down ballot races and judges and the like.
And if you're particularly motivated, volunteer for candidates. Your time can be an invaluable resource if you want to support better policies and candidates.
Sorry if this got a bit long winded, but apathy and non-participation is effectively a vote for the status quo. Political change can be slow and uneven but can only be gained with persistent effort.
I wasn't really clear, but apathy is absolutely not my position. You can't vote your way out of the system because so much more is required.
I always vote, it's a very low-effort way to have a tiny bit of influence. I'm also in Canada where the system is a bit less worthless, for what that's worth. But I don't come home from the polling station all proud that I've done my part.
The catch is that the politicians who promise electoral reforms would have to be able to win in the current system. And why would they want to change a system is which they are winners?
Trudeau promised electoral reform in Canada, which some people foolishly believed. The federal Liberal Party has won under the first past the post system many times in the past. It makes no sense to expect them to suddenly give an advantage to the underdogs.
Proposing either is extremely difficult, and I'd wager that most people wouldn't want to change it, either through ignorance of the system, and manipulation from those that like the current system.
I would say that the alternative is a long way off, especially in the USA. The current system is deeply entrenched and looks more likely to fall into outright fascism than get better, unfortunately.
In general...the way forward is for the working class to take control of the government. This can happen through electoralism or revolution.
In the US, the nation's mythology is so embedded into people's minds it will take a long time just to unwind those threads and get enough people thinking that maybe things actually could be better. In the meantime, as others have said, there is some hope in the lower levels of government, and engagement there is certainly worthwhile.