I stopped at "secret" (yes, the occurrence in the title) :)
TBH the checksums are pretty useless for humans who download an .iso and install it... they are mainly for mirrors and similar that download files without using them
Yeah I think hashes in the same folder are only valuable as a check to make sure you downloaded the file successfully. Which isn't a big issue for at least the around 80% of internet users who have access to broadband. They are only useful for security if the hash is on the website that you click on and then you download and verify it manually.
True! My original point though is that just providing a hash for a downloaded file is generally not required. It doesn't provide anything that other layers haven't already (a hash only guarantees integrity, while downloading over HTTPS provides authenticity). Personally, I see them as a relic of the past that made more sense when transmission was less robust (though even back then, a lot of layers provided some sort of error detection and correction), and modern filesystems can detect errors as well.