Most have been through podcasters mentioning a show they like and talking about it or having guests on from other shows. It took a pretty good amount of time to find a good collection of shows that I genuinely look forward to hearing and weed out the meh content. Here's a list I wrote when someone had a thread asking for recommendations.
Better Offline: Ed Zitron tearing apart how shitty the tech industry has become
QAA Podcast: studies conspiratorial thinking (originally devoted to watching Qanon lunatics), typically hilarious
Accidental Tech Podcast: three third-party Apple developers talking about tech, primarily in the Apple ecosystem
Chapo Traphouse: Leftist politics, typically pretty funny
Noble Blood: history podcast retelling stories about members of nobility in short form
Fall of Civilizations Podcast: history podcast that dives deep into civs like Carthage and the Assyrians, etc
TrueAnon: Leftist politics, deep dives on topics
Last Podcast on the Left (name is a horror film reference): true crime with anecdotes, lots of diversions that might not be for everyone
Alphabet Boys: each season deep dives a taboo action by gov agencies (FBI, ATF, etc)
Song Exploder: deep dives on the writing and recording of songs with the musicians behind them
What Went Wrong: deep dives on movie productions
Behind the Bastards: deep dives on terrible people throughout history, lots of diversions that might not be for everyone
Grumpy Old Geeks: tech and nerd news (including sci-fi media) from two cynical guys who have been in the biz for years, typically funny
I remember song exploder! I listened to it a lot when I was a kid. I'd love to listen to a podcast like that, but with authors talking about their books and explaining why they made the decisions they made